Impact of Smoking on Sperm’s DNA and Assisted Reproductive Techniques Outcome

The effect of smoking on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) results in male was considered as a deleterious factor in pregnancy outcome among IVF patients. Male smoking is associated with lower success rate in ICSI and IVF couples. Smoking significantly decreased live birth rates and has a deleterious effect on sperm’s DNA. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of male cigarettes smoking on the outcome of ICSI and IMSI, referring to clinical pregnancy, implantation and miscarriage rate. Therefore a total of 255 couples were diagnosed with severe oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia, 3 years of primary infertility, the woman aged 30 years or younger and an undetected female factor were randomized to IVF micro insemination treatments. Males were classified according to smoking into two major groups: group 1 (109) smokers and group 2 (146) non-smokers. The smoker group including (44 male) admitted for ICSI procedures and (65 male) admitted for IMSI procedure. While, nonsmoker group included (76 male) and (70 male) were admitted for ICSI and IMSI respectively. A comparison between the two groups was based in terms of pregnancy, miscarriage and implantation rates. Student t-test was adopted to assess the significant differences between the two groups. The results of our study showed no significant difference in clinical pregnancy, implantation and miscarriage rate between smoker and non-smokers men. While, the difference was high significance in clinical pregnancy and implantation in IMSI group when compared to ICSI group and lowest significance difference was recorded in miscarriage rate in IMSI group when compared to ICSI group. In conclusion this study shaded more light on the effect of cigarettes smoking on male fertility and the cutting edge procedures used to solve the issue of frequent ICSI failure in the infertile couples. It also showed that clinical pregnancy and implantation rates are increased and miscarriage rate decreased in nonsmoker couples male when IMSI procedure was used for them.